Izilungiselelo, Izinkathi, kanye Nezindlela Zokwakha Umhlaba Ezothando
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izilungiselelo, izinkathi zomlando, nezindlela zokwakha umhlaba ezakha futhi zinikeza umbala ezindabeni zothando phakathi kwezihloko ezahlukahlukene nezamasiko.
Thola amagama achaza izikhathi (Regency, Victorian), izindawo nezimo (idolobha elincane, idolobha elikhulu, isiqhingi), izinhlobo ze-paranormal ne-dystopian, nezimiso zamasiko noma zenhlalo ezichaza ukuthi izinhlelo nezinketho zabalingiswa zakhiwe kanjani.
Abanini Bomhlaba
Abanini bomhlaba bachazwa njengesigaba somphakathi sabanini bomhlaba abaphila ngemali evela ezindlini zasemakhaya futhi banomthelela endaweni ngaphandle kokuba neziqu zobukhosi. Ezincwadini zobudlelwano, bakha izimo, imithetho, nezimpi eziphathelene impahla, ifa, nesikhundla somphakathi.
Amadolobha aseceleni lolwandle
Amadolobha aseceleni lolwandle ayizindawo ezincane ezakhiwe eduze kolwandle—izikhungo zokudoba olwandle, amachibi anesihlabathi, noma izindunduma zamatshe—lapho ulwandle luthinta impilo yansuku zonke, isiko, nobuhle bokuthandana. Ezincwadini zinikeza umongo wokuzwa onomoya, ohlanganiswe futhi ofanele izindaba zothando nezindaba zokuzwakala.
Amaqembu zabakhiqizi kanye nesigaba sabathengisi
Amaqembu zaba nezinhlangano ezihlelekile zabakhi nabathengisi ezimisela amazinga, ziqeqesha abafundi, futhi zivikela izintshisekelo zamalungu; isigaba sabathengisi siyizithengisi nabagcini bezitolo abacebile abaqhuba ukuhweba futhi banomthelela emphakathini. Ndawonye bakha umnotho, isikhundla somphakathi, nezimpilo zansuku zonke ezindaweni eziningi zemlando nezimilo ezidabukisayo.
Amaqhinga enkantolweni
Inethiwekhi yezimfihlo, ukuxhumana, ukuncintisana, kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha komphakathi ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwezindlu zenkosi noma zabaholi. Ezinothando, inikeza ukucindezeleka kwemizwa okuphezulu nezithiyo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwabathandana.
Ballroom Society
Ballroom Society ibhekisela emhlabeni womphakathi owakhiwe ukugxila ekudanseni okuqondile, imicimbi yesizini, nezimiso, izigaba, kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha eziyibophezayo ukuze kubhekwe ubani oxhumana nobani nokuthi ubudlelwane bubunjwa kanjani ezindabeni zothando zesikhathi nezomphakathi.
Gaslamp Fantasy
IGaslamp Fantasy iyinhlobo ye-romance-friendly evumela ukuxhumana kwezothando, ihlanganisa ubuhle bekhulunyana ze-Victorian/Edwardian nezimiso zomphakathi nezinto zobungoma ezincane noma izici zobungaphandle. Igxile kumoya, izimilo, nobumfihlo kunobuchwepheshe bezimboni, idala izindawo ezinemizwa nezothando.
I-Fantasy yomlando
Imilingo yomlando ihlanganisa izimo zangempela zomlando, izigameko, noma amasiko omphakathi nezinto ezenziwe ngomlingo eziphikisa ngokuphathelene nezinto ezingaphezu kwemvelo. Igcina ukubukeka nokuzwakala kwenkathi edlule ngenkathi iletha izimiso eziyimilingo eziguqula indlela abantu baphila ngayo nothando lwabo.
I-Primogeniture kanye ne-Entailment
I-Primogeniture wuhlelo lapho umntwana omdala kunabo bonke—ngokwesiko indodana enkulu—eyalandela ifa lomndeni; i-Entailment iyisithintelo somthetho esigcina le mpahla ihlale ngaphansi komugqa oqokiwe wokulandelana. Ngasikhathi sinye, lezi zindlela zenza ukuthi ubani ophethe umcebo, umhlaba, namandla omndeni phakathi kwezizukulwane.
I-Space Opera kanye ne-Planetary Romance
I-Space Opera kanye ne-Planetary Romance ziyizigaba ezimbili zokuzijabulisa nezindaba zothando ezibekwe ngaphandle komhlaba: i-space opera igcizelela ububanzi obukhulu phakathi kwezinkanyezi kanye ne-melodrama, kanti i-planetary romance igxile ezihlangenwe nakho ezihehayo endaweni eyodwa yomhlaba ongaphandle. Zombili zinezingxenye zokubuka ezibukhali, izingozi eziphezulu, nomuzwa oqinile wokuthokoza—kulungele izindaba zothando ezibamba umthamo omkhulu wokudlala.
Idolobha elikhulu kakhulu kanye ne-Cyberpunk idolobha
Idolobha elikhulu kakhulu liyidolobha elikhulu elidala abantu abaningi; idolobha le-Cyberpunk liyinhlobo ethile, echazwe kahle njengomkhiqizo we megacity ophezulu ngobuchwepheshe, ukungalingani okukhulu, nomoya we-noir osongezwe nge-neon. Ngokuhlanganyela, khona kunikeza indawo ecebile yezindaba zothando ezihlanganisa ubukhulu bendawo, umoya, nengxabano yomphakathi.
Ikilasi lezisebenzi zasendlini kanye nohlelo lokuhleleka kwezindlu
Ikilasi lezisebenzi zasendlini kanye nohlelo lokuhleleka kwezindlu kubhekisela ezingeni, ezindimeni, nemithetho yomphakathi elawula abasebenzi basekhaya ezindaweni zomlando nezifanekiselo. Lokhu kuthinta ukuthi ngubani enza imisebenzi ethile, ubani ophendula kubani, nokuthi abasebenzi bahlanganyela kanjani nabaphathi babo kanye phakathi kwabo.
Imisebenzi Nezimo Zesikhathi Sempi
Izimo zokusebenza nezempi ziyizizinda zendaba lapho imisebenzi yomlingiswa noma iqiniso lempi kuthinta ubudlelwane, izinqumo, nezinga lezingozi. Zisebenzisa izindima zobungcweti kanye nengcindezi yesikhathi sempi ukuze kudaleke ukungezwa, ukushesha, nobunzulu bezinkulumo nezinkinga zobudlelwane.
Imithetho yokudlulisela impahla
Imithetho yokudlulisela impahla izimiso ezichaza ukuthi ubani uzothola impahla, iziqu, nezimali ngemva kokushona komuntu. Ezindabeni zokuqamba izindaba, zenza izinga lezibopho, izimfihlo, nezizathu—ikakhulukazi ezindabeni zothando zesikhathi esedlule nezindima zomndeni.
Inhlawulo yomshado nezivumelwano zokushada
Ihlawulo yomshado nezivumelwano zokushada ziyizinhlelo zembali nezamasiko ezibeka imigomo yezimali, impahla, noma ezomthetho eziphathelene nomshado—okuvamile ukwakha ukuthi ubani ozoshada nobani futhi kungani. Ezincwadini zenganekwane, zenza kube nezibopho ezicacile, izimfanelo ezibalulekile, nezimpi eziqeda indaba kanye nokukhethwa kwabalingiswa.
Inkathi yase-Victorian
Inkathi yase-Victorian (1837–1901) iyisikhathi sobukhosi bukaNkosikazi Victoria eBrithani, esaziwa ngezimiso zokuxhumana zomphakathi eziqinile, ukwahlukaniswa kwezigaba okujulile, kanye nesiko elicebile lezinto ezibonakalayo elivame ukuxhunywa nezinganekwane zobudlelwane.
Inkathi yaseGeorgian
Inkathi yaseGeorgian (cishe ngo-1714–ama-1830s) iyisikhathi somlando e-Britain esibandakanya ukubusa kwezinkosi zokuqala ezine ze-Georgu, ezaziwa ngekhodi zayo zokuziphatha komphakathi eziyinqaba, izitayela, nezindawo ezivamile ukuvusa izindaba zobudlelwane. Ekuxoxweni izindaba, ibonisa izindlu zasemaphandleni, imicimbi yokudansa ekhanyiswe amakhandlela, isiko eliqinile lokuziphatha, nokuxhumana kwezincwadi njengendlela enkulu yokuthandana.
Inkathi yaseNapoleoni
Isikhathi saseNapoleoni sibhekisa eminyakeni lapho uNapoléon Bonaparte waphakama khona waba namandla eFrance (cishe 1799–1815) futhi waguqula iYurophu ngomkhankaso wempi, kwezombusazwe, nasemasikweni. Ezincwadini zothando zigcina izinga eliphezulu lokungcindezeleka—isithunzi sempi, ukuguquka kwezenhlalo, uhambo, nezinkundla zokuxoxa ezihlotshiswe—okwenyusa ukungezwani kwemizwa nobudrama.
Inkathi ye-Edwardian
Inkathi ye-Edwardian ibhekisa esigcawini sokuphila sokuqala sekhulunyaka lama-20 cishe phakathi kobukhosi bukaNkosi Edward VII (ngokuvamile 1901–1910), ngokuvamile kwandiswa ezinsukwini ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Iyaziwa ngezimpahla zokugqoka ezinhle, imithetho yomphakathi eshintshashintshayo, nezobuchwepheshe bokuqala obushintshile ukuphila kwansuku zonke nokuthandana.
Inkathi ye-Tudor
INKATHI YE-TUDOR (cis. 1485–1603) iyinkathi yomlando waseNgilandi egqame ngabaholi be-Tudor, eyaziwa ngempilo enkantolo eyakhayo, ukuguquguquka kwezinkolo, nezitayela eziyinqaba—isethulo esivusa intshiseko kwezindaba zothando ezigcwele izikhaweni zezepolitiki nezithintelo zomphakathi.
Isigcawu Sesikhathi Esiseduze Sekusasa
Isigcawu sesikhathi esiseduze sekusasa sifaka indaba ezinsukwini embalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kwamanje, lapho ubuchwepheshe nezinguquko zomphakathi kuyizandiso ezibonakalayo zalesi sikhathi esikhona. Kuyajwayeleka ukuzwa kuyafiye kodwa kuhlukile ukuze kudale izinketho ezintsha, ukungqubana, kanye namathuba wokwakha umhlaba.
Isikhathi Esiphakathi
Isikhathi Esiphakathi sisho cishe izinkulungwane ze-5 kuya ze-15 eYurophu futhi siba isisekelo esidumile ezincwadini zothando ngenxa yezinqaba zayo, uthando lwenkantolo, nezinhlelo zokuhlukanisa umphakathi. Ekuxoxeni izindaba, kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengomongo wokuziphatha kweqhawe, ukushada okuhleliwe, kanye nezimpi ezibukhali zokuhlukaniswa kwezigaba noma amasiko.
Isikhathi ngemva kwempi
Isikhathi ngemva kwempi sichaza izikhathi ezisemqoka ngqo ngemva kwempi enkulu—okuvamile kakhulu ukuphela kwe-1940s kuya kuma-1950s—lapho umphakathi uyakha kabusha, izindima zabantu emphakathini ziyashintsha, futhi ukuphila kwansuku zonke kuhlanganisa ukuphumuka, ukushoda kwezinsiza, kanye nethemba oqaphelayo. Ezindabeni zobudlelwano, lesi sikhathi siyindawo ecebile yezindaba zokubuyela, ukuziphinda kabusha, kanye nemiphumela eqhubekayo yezimpi.
Isikhathi phakathi kweMpi Yokuqala neYesibili
Isikhathi phakathi kweMpi Yokuqala neYesibili sibhekisa eminyakeni phakathi kweMpi Yokuqala neYesibili (cishe 1918–1939), isikhathi sokuphazamiseka komphakathi, inkululeko ezintsha, nobuhlungu obusele obuguqula ukuphila kwansuku zonke nothando. Ezincwadini zenganekwane, liyindawo ecijile yezindaba zokuziphinda kabusha, ukubukeka okuhehayo, kanye noduka lokudabuka okuthule.
Isikhathi sase-Elizabethan
Isikhathi sase-Elizabethan sichaza ukubusa kukaNdlovukazi Elizabeth I (1558–1603) futhi siyindawo yomlando ethandwa kakhulu kwezothando ngenxa yempilo yayo yesigodlo eyabonakala, imigomo yomphakathi eqinile, kanye namasiko ezinto ezibonakalayo eziqhakazayo.
Isikhathi se-Regency
Isikhathi se-Regency ngokuvamile sisho i-Britain yokuqala kwekhulu lama-19 (cishe 1811–1820) esakhiwe izimiso zenhlalo eziqondile, izitayela, nezindlela zokuthandana ezakha inhlanganisela enkulu yamathrendi othando ayaziwa. Kuyindawo esekelwe ezincwadini zikaJane Austen futhi iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yokubeka isimo somlando othandayo.
Isiko Lokuhlonipha Kanye Nokuncintisana
Isiko lokuhlonipha kanye nokuncintisana lichaza izinhlelo zomphakathi lapho idumela lomuntu—oluvamile ukuxhumana nomndeni, isikhundla, noma izindima zobulili—ubhekwa njengenkambo yokuziphatha; ukulwa phakathi kwabantu kwakuyindlela eyamukelekayo yokuxazulula ukucasuka okubonakala. Ezweni lobudlelwano, lezi zindlela zenza izinqumo eziqinile zokuziphatha, izibopho zomphakathi ezicacile, nezikhathi eziyinqaba zokuguqula izimo zabalingiswa nobudlelwano.
Isiko Lokuthandana
Isiko lokuthandana lichaza imithetho yomphakathi, imikhosi, nezilindelo ezakha indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo ukuze bathande ubudlelwane babathandayo esikhathini esithile, endaweni, noma emphakathini othile. Lihlanganisa konke kusuka ezinyathelweni zokuqala nezabaphathi (chaperones) kuya ekunikezeni izipho, ukuvezwa kothando emphakathini, nezikhathi zokuzibophezela ezamukelekile.
Isiko lesaloni
Isiko lesaloni lisho umkhuba womphakathi—ikakhulukazi eYurophu phakathi kwekhulu le-17 nele-19—wokusingatha imihlangano engenamthetho lapho ukuxoxa, ubuciko, nezombusazwe bekushintshaniswa khona. Ezincwadini zothando, liyindawo enothile yokuxhumana, ukuncintisana, nokwembula ubuntu babalingiswa.
Isimo Samanje
Isimo Samanje sifaka uthando emhlabeni wamanje (noma eduze nesikhathi esedlule/nesesizayo), sisebenzisa ukuphila kwanamuhla, ubuchwepheshe, nezimiso zenhlalo njengengemuva wendaba. Sigxile ekungokoqobeni kwansuku zonke kanye nokushesha kwezamasiko ukuze ubudlelwane buzizwe njengobuqondakala kubafundi.
Isimo Sasedolobha Nesidolobha Esikhulu
Umongo wesedolobha nesidolobha esikhulu uyisizinda sencwadi yothando esibekwe edolobheni elikhulu noma endaweni yezindaweni ezisemadolobhini lapho ubukhulu bedolobha, izindawo, nezindlela zokuhamba kudala ukwakheka kwabalingiswa nobudlelwano babo. Ugcizelela ubuningi, ukuhlukahluka, ukuhamba, nezimo ezenzakalayo zemizwa zempilo yedolobha.
Isimo Sedolobha Elincane
Isimo sedolobha elincane sifaka uthando endaweni yomphakathi ohlanganisiwe—cabanga ezitaladini eziyinhloko, izindawo zokudlela zasendaweni, nobuso obujwayelekile—lapho ubudlelwane nezindaba zabantu zenza umongo wendaba. Kuyisimo esigqamisa ukucwilisa ukuxhumana, umlando, nokukhula okuvela kancane kwezixhumanisi.
Isimo se-Steampunk
Isimo se-Steampunk sihlanganisa imfashini nezakhiwo zenhlalo zekhulunyaka lama-19 ze-Victorian kanye nezinto eziqanjwe zobuchwepheshe obusekelwe ku-steam kanye nezinto zobudala zokusungulwa kabusha. Kuyindawo yomlindo onomusi, lapho ama-corset ehlangana nama-goggles futhi uthando lungavuleka phakathi kwezindiza zomoya, amalabhulali o clockwork, nezitaladi ezinesibani sikagesi.
Isimo somuzi wasemakhaya
Isimo somuzi wasemakhaya sishicilela indaba endaweni yomphakathi omncane, ovamise ukulolonga; cabanga ngezindlu ezincane, izinkambu, indawo enkulu eluhlaza noma imakethe—futhi siklama isu, umoya, nobudlelwano babalingiswa ngokusondelana nezimiso zendawo. Singaba yindawo yokulima esihle noma iboniswe ubumnene bokuphila kodwa njalo ibaluleke, futhi igxile emphakathini.
Izibuso zeziqhingi kanye neziqoqo zeziqhingi
Izibuso zeziqhingi neziziqhingi ziyizindawo zokuxoxa izindaba ezenziwe ngaleziqhingi noma uchungechunge lweziqhingi ezinamasiko ezihlukene, ezombusazwe nezemvelo. Ziyathandwa emibonweni yezothando ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kokuzihlukanisa, ubuhle bendawo, nezithiyo zokuthandana ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Izikhungo Zenkolo Kanye Nohambo Lokuvakashela Izindawo Ezingcwele
Izikhungo zenkolo ziyizakhiwo noma izindawo zokukhulekela okuhlanganisa amathempeli, amasonto, izindlunkulu, nezindawo ezingcwele; uhambayo wohambo lwenkolo uyahamba eziya kulezo zindawo ngenhloso. Zombili ndawonye zenza imigomo yomphakathi, imikhuba, kanye nokunyakaza—izinsiza eziwusizo ekungxabeni, ekuguqukeni, nasekudaleni umoya ezindabeni zothando.
Izilungiselelo zamaPulazi kanye ne-Hacienda
Izilungiselelo zamaPulazi nezindawo ze-Hacienda ziyizizinda ezinkulu zendawo—ezivamile kakhulu ezindabeni zothando zomlando nezamanje—eziveza ingcebo, amandla asuselwe emhlabathini, kanye nezinhlelo zomphakathi ezinezigaba eziningi. Zinikeza umoya oqinile nomthelela omkhulu, kodwa zinezakhiwo zomlando wamakoloni odinga ukucophelela, ukwethembeka, nokuhlonipha imiphakathi ethintekayo.
Izimo Zesikhumbeni Nezolwandle
Izindawo zokuxoxa izindaba ezigcizelela amachweba nezolwandle—izindawo lapho ulwandle nomhlaba behlangana khona futhi ikusasa labalingiswa lingashintsha ngamagagasi. Zinikeza ababhali be-romance ukuxuba okucebile kokunyakaza, ubungozi, izindlela zokuhlanganyela, nemininingwane yezinzwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe imizwa nombono wendaba.
Izindawo zokuhlala ngemuva kwempucuko
Izindawo zokuhlala ngemuva kwempucuko ziyimiphakathi eyakhiwe ngemva kwesenzakalo esiphethe ukuphela kwempucuko, zisukela ezindlini eziqinisiwe kuya ezindaweni zabahambi abazungezayo. Zenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke, imigomo yomphakathi, kanye namathuba othando phakathi kwabalingiswa kunoma iyiphi indaba yesikhathi sokusinda.
Izindlela Zokuhweba Nezindlwana Zohambo
Izindlela zokuhweba zazizindlela ezide—ezisemhlabathini nasemanzini—ezisetshenziswa ukuhweba impahla, abantu, nezimvo; izindlwana zokuhamba (caravanserai) zazizindawo zokulala noma izindawo zokuma ezivikela ama-karavani nabahambi. Ngokuhlanganyela, zakha izimo ezicebile nezihambayo lapho amasiko ahlangana khona, izimfihlo zidlula, futhi izithandani ziqhuma.
Izinhlalo zomphakathi ezilandela izizukulwane ngokomama nezokomkhwenyana
Izinhlalo ezilandela izizukulwane ngokomama noma ngokomkhwenyana zingezinhlelo zomphakathi ezilandelela ukwakheka kwezizukulwane, ilifa, kanye nobunikazi bomndeni ngokuhambisana nomugqa womama noma womkhwenyana. Lezi zinhlobo zenza ukuthi ubani ophethe impahla, yiluphi iqembu lezibongo izingane zayo, kanye nendlela izindlu zibekwa ngayo.
Izinhlanga nezakhiwo zobuhlanga
Izinhlanga nezakhiwo zobuhlanga ziyizinqubo zobudlelwane, ubuholi, nezimiso zomphakathi ezihlela amaqembu abantu abe yimayunithi axhumene anezibopho, amasiko, nobuqotho. Emhlabeni wokwakha izindaba zothando, zisho ukuthi abalingiswa bakhokhela kubani, iyiphi imishado noma ubudlelwano obuvunyelwe, nobani oralithiswa izimpi noma ukubambisana okuvela.
Izinhlelo Zokuhamba (Stagecoach, Railways, Steamships)
Izinhlelo zokuhamba—ama-stagecoach, izitimela, nezikebhe ze-steam—zichaza amasistimu wokuhambisa abantu nezimpahla achaza indlela abantu abahamba ngayo phakathi kwezindawo nezindaba zobudlelwane, ukulindela, nokuhlangana. Ezincwadini zobudlelwane, lezi zindlela zenza isimo, ukuxhumana kwezenhlalo, nezindlela zokwakha izigcawu zokuhlangana, izithiyo, nokubaleka.
Izinhlelo Zomlingo (Ukwakhiwa Kwomhlaba)
Uhlelo lomlingo yisethi yezimiso, imithombo, izindleko, nezinqamulelo ezilawula ukuthi umlingo usebenza kanjani emhlabeni wendaba. Ekwakheni umhlaba wothando, lokhu kubumba izibopho, izithiyo, nobuhlakani bemizwa ebudlelwaneni.
Izinhlelo zobukhosi
Izinhlelo zobukhosi ziyizinhlelo zenhlalo nezomnotho eziqondene nobukhosi—ezivame ukuxhumana nezindawo zasendulo—lapho umhlaba, ukuzinikela, kanye nenkonzo kuyingxenye enkulu kubaholi, abakhonzi, nabahlali. Ekwakheni izinganekwane zobudlelwane bothando, zenza imingcele ecacile yezigaba, izibopho, nezimiso zomthetho ezakha izinqumo nezimpi zabalingiswa.
Izinkantolo zomlingo nezamaFae
Izinkantolo zomlingo nezamaFae zihlelwe kahle, zivame ukuba nezikhathi noma izakhi zemvelo; ziyizigaba zabantu abangaphezu kwemvelo — kusuka ezinkosini zasendulo kuya kumakhosi amafae — ezakha imithetho yomphakathi, ezombusazwe, nomlingo ezindabeni zobudlelwane.
Iziteshi Zasemngceleni Nezamakoloni
Iziteshi zasemngceleni nezamakoloni ziyizindawo ezincane, ezivame ukuba zihlukanisiwe, ezisemaphethelweni ezindawo ezisakhulayo noma ebukhosini obukhulu, lapho izakhamuzi, amasosha, abathengisi nabantu bendawo behlangana khona; ukuphila kwansuku zonke kuqanjwa ukungabi nezinsiza, ingozi, nokuxhumana phakathi kwezamasiko. Ezincwadini zothando, lezi zindawo zandisa izingozi nezimiso zofuzo, zenza ubudlelwano buvele bunomthelela futhi bufinyiselwe ngabakhulumayo.
Izwe Lezinkampani Nezinkampani Ezinkulu
Izizwe nezinkampani ezinkulu ziyizilungiselelo lapho izinkampani zangasese zinegunya elifana nelomthetho kahulumeni, zishintsha umthetho, isiko, nezimpilo zansuku zonke. Ezincwadini zokuthandana zenza ukuxhumana kwamandla aphezulu, ukwahlukana kwezinga, kanye namathuba okwakha umhlaba ocebile.
Roaring Twenties
Roaring Twenties ibhekisela kwiminyaka yama-1920s, inkathi yokuphazamiseka komphakathi, i-jazz, nobuhle ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ezincwadini zobudlelwano, iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yezindaba zokukhululeka, ukuphila okuyimfihlo, nobungozi obukhazimulayo.
Ubukhosi nezindlalifa
Ubukhosi nezindlalifa kubhekisela ezinhlelweni zobukhosi obuphambili kanye nomphakathi obuzungezile—amaDuke, ama-Earl, amaBaron kanye nezifanayo zabo—amabanga, imithetho yokugcinwa kwezifa, nezinkambiso zenkantolo ezakha amandla, umshado, nodumo. Lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziswa njengenjini yezindaba zothando ukuze kudalwe ukungqubuzana kwezigaba, izibopho, nezindaba zokwabiwa kwezifa eziphezulu.
Umlando Oluhlukile
Umlando oluhlukile ucabanga ukuthi kwenzeke yini uma enye noma izenzakalo eziyinqaba zomlando zenzeka ngendlela ehlukile, kudala isikhathi esifanayo sangaphambili kodwa sinezimiso ezintsha. Kwi-romance, lokhu kushintsha izimiso zomphakathi, amandla, nezithiyo ukuze izindaba zothando zihlolisise ukungqubuzana okusha namathuba.