Nzvimbo, Nguva dzenhoroondo Uye Kuvaka Nyika muRudo
Chikamu chino chinobata nzvimbo dzenyaya dzerudo, nguva dzenhoroondo, uye maitiro ekuvaka nyika anogadzira ruvara rwenhau dzerudo dzemhando dzakasiyana netsika dzakasiyana.
Tsvaga mazwi anotsanangura nguva (Regency, Victorian), nzvimbo nemamiriro ezvinhu (guta diki, guta, chitsuwa), mitemo yemhando-nyika (paranormal, dystopian), uye maitiro etsika kana zviga zvemagariro zvinopa pfungwa pakuronga nyaya uye sarudzo dzevatambi.
Elizabethan Era
Elizabethan Era inoreva kutonga kweMambokadzi Elizabeth I (1558–1603) uye inova nzvimbo yakakurumbira yenhoroondo yerudo nekuda kwehupenyu hwechitadzo pamatare, mitemo yemagariro yakasimba, uye tsika dzemavara anoyevedza. Vanyori vanoshandisa nguva iyi kuvaka kudanana kunoita senjodzi huru, kukakavara kwemagariro, masquerades, uye mutauro une runako rwemavara.
Gaslamp Fantasy
Gaslamp Fantasy inzira-subgenre inokodzera nyaya dzerudo inobatanidza zvimiro zenguva yeVictorian/Edwardian pamwe netsika dzevanhu nezvishoma zvemashiripiti kana zvemweya. Inosimbisa mweya wenyaya, maitiro, uye chakavanzika kupfuura tekinoroji yeindasitiri, zvichiita nzvimbo dzine mweya dzinoyevedza dzerudo.
Hunyengeri hwe Dare reUmambo
Hunyengeri hwe Dare reUmambo ihwo hukama hwezvakavanzika, hukama, makwikwi, uye manovari ezvemagariro anoitika mukati memhuri dzemambo kana dzine mukurumbira. Mune nyaya dzerudo, zvinopa kumanikidzwa kwemanzwiro kunorema uye zvipingaidzo zvakaoma kune vanoda rudo.
Hurongwa hwefeudal
Maitiro efeudal anoronga zvinangwa zvemagariro nezvehupfumi zviri pahuwandu hwenhaka—zvinowanzobatana nezvirongwa zvepakati pekare—apo ivhu, kuvimbika, uye basa zvinobatanidza varidzi veminda, vassals, nevarimi. Muhunyori hwetambo yerudo munyika, izvi zvinopa miganhu yemhando yakajeka, zviga, nemitemo inogadzira sarudzo nemakakatanwa evanhu.
Hutongi hwevakakwira uye Zita revanakuru
Hutongi hwevakakwira uye zita revanakuru zvinoreva masisitimu evanhu vane zita mukurarama kwevanhu—maduke, maearl, mabharoni nezvakaenzaniswa—anoenderana nechiremera, mitemo yekuparadzira zvinhu zvavanahano, uye tsika dzouchidzo dzinogadzira simba, kuroora, uye mukurumbira. Izvi zvivakwa zvinowanzo shandiswa senzvimbo dzemashure dzemuchikadzi nerudo, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwekirasi, zviga, uye nyaya dzekupfuma dzine kukosha kukuru.
Kirasi yeVashandi Vemba uye Hurongwa hwePamusoro pevashandi
Kirasi yevashandi vemumba neHurongwa hwePamusoro pevashandi zvinoreva zvikamu zvakarongedzwa, mabasa, nemitemo yemagariro inotonga vashandi vemumba munzvirongwa zvine nhoroondo nezvinyorwa. Zvinogadzira kuti ndiani anoita mabasa api, ndiani anotevera ani, uye kuti vashandi vanoshanda sei nevaridzi nevamwe vacho.
Mabasa neNzvimbo dzeNguva yeHondo
Mabasa nezvirongwa zvenyaya munguva yeHondo zvinopa marongero enzvimbo dzinobva pamabasa evatambi kana chokwadi chehondo zvichiumba hukama, sarudzo, uye kukosha kwezviitiko. Zvinoshandisa mabasa ehunyanzvi pamwe nekumanikidzwa kwenguva yehondo kugadzira kunetsana, kukurumidza, uye hukuru hwemanzwiro mune nyaya dzerudo.
Madhorobha eGungwa nemahombekombe
Madhorobha epedyo pegungwa nemahombekombe maduku anoumbwa padyo nehendereke dzeGungwa—zviteshi zvehove, mahombekombe ane jecha, kana makomba ane matombo—apo gungwa rinogadzira upenyu hwezuva nezuva, tsika, nerudo. Muzvinyorwa zvinopa mufananidzo une ruzivo runobata manzwiro.
Masangano Ezvitendero Uye Rwendo rwechitendero
Masangano ezvitendero ndiwo tembere, chechi, monastiri, uye nzvimbo dzinoyera dzinoronga upenyu hwemweya; rwendo rwechitendero iwo rwendo rwine chinangwa rwekuenda kune idzo nzvimbo dzakakosha. Zvose izvi zvinoumba tsika dzemagariro, mhemberero, uye mafambiro, zvishandiso zvinobatsira mukurwisira, kushanduka, uye kunhuhwirira kwemanzwiro munyaya dzerudo.
Masangano evanogadzira uye Kirasi yevatengesi
Masangano evanogadzira uye kirasi yevatengesi zvinoumbwa nezviwanikwa zvevanhu vanogadzira uye vanotengesa; zvinogadza mwero, dzidzisa vadzidzi vanodzidza, uye zvinorwira zvido zvevaripo; kirasi yevatengesi iavo vatengesi vakapfuma vanotyaira bhizimisi uye vanokanganisa nzanga. Pamwe chete vanogadzira upfumi, chinzvimbo chevanhu, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva munzvimbo dzakawanda dzine nhoroondo kana dzakafungidzirwa.
Matare eNgano nemaFae
Matare eNgano nemaFae anorongeka zvakanaka, kazhinji anochinja zvichienderana nemwaka kana zvinomweya; mapoka evanhu vane masimba — kubva kuMwari vekare kusvika kumadzishe emaFae — anoumba mitemo yemagariro, zvematongerwo enyika, uye mashiripiti munyaya dzerudo. Anounza mutambo, mutoro wezvisungo, uye ngozi dzemashiripiti dzinobatana nerudo, zvichiita kuti hukama huve hwakadzama kwete chete pahanzwisiso dzemanzwiro asi pazvirinani, mashiripiti, uye mhedzisiro.
Megacity neCyberpunk City
Megacity iguta guru rakakura rakazara nevanhu vakawanda; Guta reCyberpunk iguta remhando yakasarudzika reMegacity rinoratidzwa ne tekinoroji yakakwira, kusarongeka kukuru, uye mweya we noir une neon. Zvakabatana zvinopa nzvimbo yakapfuma yenyaya dzerudo dzinobatanidza hukuru hwezviitiko, manzwiro, uye nharo dzemagariro.
Mitemo yenhaka
Mitemo yenhaka ndiyo mirau inotsanangura ani achatora pfuma, zita, nemari mushure mekufa kwemunhu. Mumabhuku enhetemu dzinonyorwa, inogadzira kukoshesa, zvakavanzika, uye zvinangwa—zvikuru mu romance dzekare uye munyaya dzemhuri.
Muroja nemabvumirano emuchato
Muroja nemabvumirano emuchato inzvirongwa zvesika nezvetsika zvinoronga zvemari, zvivakwa, kana zvemutemo zvine chekuita nemuchato—zvinonyora kuti ndiani acharoorwa nabani uye nei. Muzvinyorwa zvenyaya dzemanyepo zvinopa zvikomba zvakasimba, zvisungo, uye kukakavara zvinotyaira hurongwa hwenyaya uye sarudzo dzehunhu.
Nguva Mushure Mehondo
Nzvimbo yakabereka nyaya dzekudzoka, kutsva kwehupenyu, uye migumisiro yehondo inoramba iine pesvedzero.
Nguva pakati peHondo Yenyika I neHondo Yenyika II
Nguva pakati peHondo Yenyika I neHondo Yenyika II inoreva makore ari pakati peHondo Yenyika I neHondo Yenyika II (anenge 1918–1939), nguva yekusagadzikana kwevanhu, rusununguko rutsva, uye marwadzo anoramba aripo anochinja hupenyu hwezuva nezuva nerudo. Muzvinyorwa, inzvimbo yakapfuma yezviitiko zvekuzvigadzirisa, runako, uye kuchema kwakanyarara kwe rudo.
Nguva yaNapoleon Bonaparte
Nguva yaNapoleon Bonaparte inoreva makore ayo Napoleon Bonaparte akatora simba muFrance (inenge 1799–1815) uye akashandura Europe kuburikidza nehondo, zvematongerwo enyika, netsika. Muhunyaya yerudo inopa njodzi dzakakwirira—kudzwa kweuto, kushanduka kukuru kwevanhu pamagariro, nzendo, uye masaloni anopenya—zvinowedzera kusawirirana kwemanzwiro nemhirizhonga.
Nguva yaVictorian
Nguva yaVictorian (1837–1901) ndiyo nguva yaMambokadzi Victoria achitonga kuBritain, inozivikanwa nemitemo yakasimba yetsika, kupatsanuka kukuru kwekirasi, uye tsika dzemidziyo dzine pfuma dzinowanzo kukurudzira ngano dzerudo. Mumutauro wenyaya dzerudo inopa nzvimbo dzinokonzeresa mweya, ngozi dzepamusoro dzemagariro, uye kupesana kunobva pamatetti etsika, mukurumbira, uye basa remhuri.
Nguva ye Regency
Nguva ye Regency kazhinji inomirira Britain yekutanga zana remakore rechi19 (muna 1811–1820), ichiratidza mitemo yemagariro yakasiyana, mafashoni, uye tsika dzekudanana dzakaita kuti zvakawanda zveromance zvive zvine mutsindo. Ndiwo mamiriro ari munyori aJane Austen uye chikuva chinofarirwa cheromance yenhoroondo.
Nguva yeEdwardian
Nguva yeEdwardian inomirira chikamu chekutanga chezana remakore rechi20 chakakomberedza kutonga kwaMambo Edward VII (kazhinji 1901–1910), ichiwanzowedzerwa kusvika kumakore asati asvika Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga. Inozivikanwa nemafashoni anoyevedza, kushanduka kwemitemo yemagariro, uye michina yemazuva ekutanga yakachinja hupenyu hwezuva nezuva nekudanana.
Nguva yeGeorgian
Nguva yeGeorgian (muna 1714 kusvika kuma1830s) inzvimbo yenhoroondo muBritain inotora hutongi hwemadzimambo mana eGeorge vekutanga; inozivikanwa nemaitiro ayo emagariro, mafashoni, uye nzvimbo dzinowanzo kukurudzira nyaya dzerudo. Muzviitiko, inopa mufananidzo wemisha dzemusha, mabhaari anopenya nemakandela, tsika dzemagariro dzakasimba, uye kudanana kunotungamirirwa netsamba.
Nguva yeMiddle Ages
Nguva yeMiddle Ages inoreva mudziyo pakati pemakore ezana remakore muEurope uye iri nzvimbo inonyanyozivikanwa munyinyorwa dzerudo nekuda kwezvivakwa zvemadziro, rudo rwecourtly, uye hurongwa hwemagariro. Muzvirongwa, inowanzo shandiswa senzvimbo yeuchivalry, kurongeka kwemuchato wakarongwa, uye kukakavara kukuru kwekirasi kana tsika.
Nguva yeTudor
Nguva yeTudor (c. 1485–1603) inzvimbo yenhoroondo yeChirungu inotungamirirwa nevatungamiriri veTudor, inozivikanwa neupenyu hwematare hunoshamisa, kusagadzikana kwechitendero, uye mafashoni akasiyana—nzvimbo inokwezva nyaya dzerudo dzakazara nemiitirwa yezvematongerwo enyika uye nekudzvinyirirwa kwemagariro.
Nhoroondo Inosiyana
Nhoroondo inosiyana inofungidzira zvainge zvaitika dai imwe kana dzimwe nhoroondo dzakaitika zvakasiyana, zvichiita kuti nguva yakajairika iite mitemo mitsva. Mune nyaya dzerudo, izvi zvinogadzirisa tsika dzemagariro, masimba, uye zvipingamidzo kuitira kuti ngano yerudo iwane kusagadzikana kutsva uye mikana mitsva.
Nhoroondo ine Mashiripiti
Nhoroondo ine Mashiripiti inosanganisa nzvimbo dzakare dzenhoroondo, zviitiko, kana tsika dzemagariro nezvinhu zvemashiripiti, zvisikwa zvemashiripiti, kana zvimwe zvinofungidzirwa. Inochengetedza kutaridzika kwekare asi ichiwedzera mitemo yemashiripiti inochinja mararamiro evanhu nerudo.
Nyika dzekambani nemakambani mahombe
Nyika dzemakambani nemakambani mahombe inzvimbo dzine simba rakafanana nehutongi hwehurumende, zvichiumba mutemo, tsika, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Muhurukuro dzerudo, zvinopa masimba ane njodzi, kukamiswa kwemakirasi, uye mikana yakapfuma yekuvaka nyika.
Nzanga dzinotevera mutsara wemai (matrilineal) uye mutsara wemurume (patrilineal).
Nzanga dzinotevera mutsara wemai (matrilineal) kana mutsara wemurume (patrilineal) dzinotarisa mavambo ehuronzo, nhaka, uye kazhinji kuzivikanwa kwemhuri kuburikidza nemutsara wemai kana wemurume.
Nzira dzekutengeserana uye Caravanserai
Nzira dzekutengeserana dzaive nzira dzakareba-dzakareba dzekufambisa zvinhu, vanhu, nemazano; Caravanserai dzakanga dziri nzvimbo dzemugwagwa dzinopa pekugara nekuchengetwa kwevarwi nevafambi. Zvose izvi zvinogadzira nzvimbo dzine hupenyu dzematecheredzo umo tsika dzinosangana, zvakavanzika zvinofamba, uye rudo runotanga.
Nzvimbo dzeMuganhu neZvivakwa zveKoloni
Nzvimbo dzeMuganhu neKoloni idzo dziri madiki, dzakaparadzana dzakakomberedzwa pedyo nemiganhu yemapato kana mumwe umambo hwakawedzera, apo vagari, varwi, vatengesi, nevanhu vemunharaunda vanosangana uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hunotsikirwa nekushomeka, ngozi, uye kusangana kwetsika. Mune nyaya dzerudo, nzvimbo idzi dzinowedzera kukwidzwa kwezviitiko nezvipingamupinyi zvemagariro, zvichiita kuti hukama hwanzwe sechinokosha uye chine pesvedzo.
Nzvimbo dzePlantation neHacienda
Nzvimbo dzePlantation neHacienda inzvimbo huru dzeestate dzinowanzoonekwa mum romance dzemunguva dzakare uye idzazvino—dzinokwezva pfuma, masimba anobva panyika, uye madanho akarongeka evanhu. Dzinopa mhepo ine simba uye zvipingaidzo zvekufambidzana, asi dzine nhoroondo dzekoloni dzinoda kutarisirwa neruremekedzo.
Nzvimbo dzechiteshi nemugungwa
Nzvimbo dzechiteshi nemugungwa inzvimbo dzenyaya dzakatarisana nezviteshi zvemugungwa, ngarava, neupenyu hwegungwa pedyo nemhenderekedzo—nzvimbo dzinobatana negungwa nenyika uye magumo evanhu anogona kuchinja nemafashamo. Zvinopa vanyori verudo musanganiswa wemufambiro, ngozi, misoro yemagumo emunharaunda, uye ruzivo rwezvinonzwika rwekusimudza manzwiro nehurongwa hwenyaya.
Nzvimbo dzemushure mekupera kwehupenyu
Nzvimbo dzemushure mekupera kwehupenyu dzinoumbwa mushure mechiiitiko chinopera hupenyu hwevanhu, kubva kumaguta akasimbiswa kusvika kumapoka anofamba netsika. Zvinogadzira mararamiro ezuva nezuva, mitemo yemagariro, uye mikana yerudo pakati pevatambi mune chero nyaya dzokurarama.
Nzvimbo iri padyo neramangwana
Nzvimbo iri padyo neramangwana inopa nyaya inofambira mberi kwemakore mashomanana kusvika kumakore akawanda, uko tekinoroji nekuchinja kwevanhu zvinonzwika senge kuenderera kwezviri kuitika izvozvi. Zviri nyore kunzwisisa asi zvine mutsauko wekugadzira sarudzo nyowani, kusawirirana, uye mikana yekuvaka nyika.
Nzvimbo yeGuta Diki
Nzvimbo yeGuta Diki inopa rudo mukati menharaunda diki, yakabatana—funga migwagwa mikuru yeguta, nzvimbo dzemuno dzekudyira, uye zviso zvazivikanwa—apo hukama uye nhau dzemagariro zvinoumba mutambo.
Nzvimbo yeSteampunk
Nzvimbo yeSteampunk inobatanidza mafashoni nezvimiro zvemagariro zveNguva yaVictoria muzana remakore rechi19 nezvehunyanzvi hwekushandisa steam pamwe nezvigadzirwa zvekare zveramangwana. Iri nyika ine utsi, inotungamirwa nemageji, apo corsets nenzeve dzemaziso (goggles) zvinopesana, uye rudo runogona kukura pakati pezvikepe zvemhepo, ma lab ekombiyuta ane clockwork, nemigwagwa inopenya negasiti.
Nzvimbo yedhorobha neguta guru
Nzvimbo yedhorobha neguta guru inzvimbo yenhetembo yerudo inoitika muguta rakakura kana mudunhu remadhorobha, uko hukuru hweguta, nzvimbo dzemadhorobha, uye maitiro awo anoumba hunhu uye hukama. Inosimbisa kuwanda kwevanhu, kusiyana-siyana, kufamba, uye manzwiro akasiyana ehupenyu hweguta.
Nzvimbo yemazuva ano
Nzvimbo yemazuva ano inoiisa rudo munyika yazvino (kana pedyo nenhoroondo yapfuura kana ramangwana), ichishandisa hupenyu hwemazuva ano, hunyanzvi, uye maitiro emagariro semashure enyaya. Inosimbisa chokwadi chezuva nezuva uye kukurudzira kuti hukama huoneke sezvinowanzoonekwa nevanhu vemazuva ano.
Nzvimbo yemusha wemumaruwa
Nzvimbo yemusha wemumaruwa inopa nyaya munharaunda diki, dzinowanzo kuratidza zvivako zvepurazi—funga nezvivakwa zvemisha, minda, nzvimbo yakapakati kana musika—and inogadzira mutinhimira wenyaya, manzwiro, uye hukama hwevatambi kuburikidza nekuswededzana uye tsika dzemunharaunda. Inogona kuva runako rwemumaruwa kana ichiratidza runyararo rwemapurazi kana zvichinyura mberi zvishoma nezvishoma, asi nguva dzose inonyatsobatana nevanhu uye inotarisa zvemagariro."
Primogeniture uye Entailment
Primogeniture inzira inopa nhaka nemazita emhuri kumwanakomana mukuru (munguva dzakare, kazhinji mwanakomana mukuru). Entailment imutemo unodzivirira kuti nhaka isaparadzwe nekumanikidza kuti ipfuure pamutsara wakatarwa. Zvose izvi zvinobata kuti ndiani anotonga upfumi, ivhu, nesimba remhuri muzvizvarwa zvichitevera.
Roaring Twenties
Roaring Twenties zvinoreva makore e1920s, nguva yekushanduka kwevanhu, jazz, uye runako mushure meHondo Yenyika Yekutanga. Mune nyaya dzerudo, inzvimbo yakakurumbira yekunyora dzine rusununguko, upenyu hwakavanzika, uye ngozi inopenya.
Sangano reimba yekutamba
Sangano reimba yekutamba rinoreva nyika yezvemagariro yakavakirwa pamitambo yemutambo yakarongeka, zviitiko zvemwaka, nemitemo, hutsika, uye hunhu hunotonga kuti ndiani anosangana naani uye kuti hukama hunovakwa sei mumakuhwa erudo enguva dzepamusoro.
Sisitimu dzeChishamiso (Kuvaka Nyika)
Pakuvaka nyika dzerudo, masisitimu echishamiso anoumba zvinokosha zvinofanirwa kuitika, zvipingamupinyi, uye mafungiro emanzwiro muukama.
Space Opera and Planetary Romance
Space Opera nePlanetary Romance inzira mbiri dzenyaya dzemufaro dzakavakirwa kunze kwePasi: Space Opera inosimbisa hukuru hwezvematongerwo enyika nezvikepe zvinofamba pakati pezvisiko, melodrama, uye nhaurirano dzemanzwiro; Planetary Romance inotarisa pazviitiko zvine hushamwari, zvinoyevedza pamatunhu epanyika imwe yedenga. Zvose zvinopa mufambiro, mikana yakakwirira, uye manzwiro akawedzerwa—akakodzera nyaya dzorudo dzinogonawo kukuvadza kana kuparadzira.
Tsika dzeKuremekedza uye Kukurwira
Tsika dzeuremekedzo nekukurwa zvinotsanangura masisitimu ehupenyu umo mukurumbira wemunhu kazhinji unobatanidzwa nemhuri, chinzvimbo, kana mabasa anotsaura nezvechikadzi nekururama—rinodzivirirwa kuburikidza nemakwikwi akarongeka kana zviga, dzimwe nguva zvichiita kuti pave nekukonana. Mune nyaya dzerudo, maitiro aya anoumba sarudzo dzemwoyo dzakasimba, zvibodzwa zvemunhu nerudo pamusoro pezviitiko zvevanhu, uye nguva dzinonyanya kukosha dzekuchinja kwevatambi nerudo.
Tsika dzeSaloni
Tsika dzeSaloni dzinoreva maitiro emagariro—zvikuru muEurope kubva muzana remakore rechi17 kusvika rechi19—okugadzira misangano isina mutemo uko nhaurirano, unyanzvi, uye zvematongerwo enyika zvinobatana. Muhupenyu hwerudo, inzvimbo ine pfuma yekudanana, kukwikwidzana, uye kuratidzwa kwehunhu.
Tsika dzekudanana
Tsika dzekudanana dzinotsanangura mitemo yemagariro, tsika, uye zvaitarisirwa zvinoumba maitiro avanhu ekutsvaga hukama hwerudo munguva yakatarwa, panzvimbo, kana munharaunda. Zvinobata zvese kubva pakutanga kwezviito nevachengeti kusvikira pakupa zvipo, kuratidza rudo pachena, uye nguva dzakabvumiranwa dzekuzvipira.
Umambo hwezvitsuwa nemapoka ezvitsuwa
Umambo hwezvitsuwa nemapoka ezvitsuwa inzvimbo dzemunyaya dzemukati dzinoumbwa nezvitsuwa zvine umambo hwega kana nhevedzano yezvitsuwa zvine tsika dzakasiyana, zvematongerwo enyika, nezvakatipoteredza. Zvinofarirwa muromance nekuda kwekusurukirwa kwadzo, runako rwechisikigo, uye zvipingamupinyi zvemukati zvinotsigira rudo.
Varidzi veminda
Varidzi veminda vanorehwa sechikamu chevagari vane minda inowanikwa nemari inobva pamapurazi avo uye vane simba munzvimbo yavo vasina kuwana mazita ehumambo. Mune nyaya dzerudo, vanogadzira nzvimbo, mitemo, uye kupesana pamusoro pepfuma, nhaka, uye chinzvimbo chemagariro.
Zvivakwa zveRwendo (Stagecoach, Railways, Steamships)
Zvivakwa zveRwendo—Stagecoach, Railways, uye Steamships—zvinotsanangura masisitimu ekufambisa akavaka maitiro ekufambisa vanhu pakati pemisha uye mashandiro enzira dzemagariro dzemudanga rwekunyora rwerudo, kupatsanuka, nekusangana. Mune nyaya dzerudo, nzira idzi dzinosika nzvimbo, dynamism yevanhu, uye zviyero zvenyaya dzekusangana, zvipingamupinyi, uye kukwanisa kukuru kwekuzorodza.
Zvivakwa zvedzinza nemadzinza
Zvivakwa zvedzinza nemadzinza ndidzo masisitimu ehukama, hutungamiri, nemirau yemagariro ayo anoronga boka revanhu kuita zvikwata zvine hukama, mabasa akagovaniswa, tsika, uye kuvimbika. Mukuumba nyaya dzerudo, zvinogadzira kuti ndiani anovimbika kuna ani, hukama hupi hunobvumidzwa, uye ndezvipi zvinetsa kana kuvimbisa kuwirirana zvinouya.